U.S. X-37B spaceplane prepares for a new series of experiments
The X-37B will use aerobraking to change its orbit.
The U.S. Space Force has announced a series of maneuvers to change orbit and jettison components using its X-37B spaceplane. This reusable aircraft, in orbit since December 28, 2023, will use an aerobraking method to change its trajectory around the Earth. This method involves making multiple passes through the planet's upper atmosphere using atmospheric drag to alter the craft's orbit and save fuel.
The U.S. Space Force said the maneuvers are also intended to demonstrate specified space operations: aerodynamic braking will allow the spaceplane to change orbits and comply with space debris regulations by safely jettisoning the service module.
The X-37B, manufactured by Boeing, is jointly operated by the U.S. Space Force and the U.S. Air Force Office of Fast Capabilities. Since its launch aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the spacecraft has conducted radiation experiments and tested awareness technologies in a highly elliptical orbit.
Experts say the current X-37B mission, the seventh, has taken on heightened significance in light of recent developments in other countries' space capabilities. The launch of the X-37B comes just two weeks after China sent its Shenlong spaceplane into orbit, prompting speculation about the intentions of both countries.
Capable of operating between 240 and 805 kilometers above Earth, the X-37B has previously demonstrated the ability to remain in orbit for extended periods of time, with missions lasting more than 900 days. This durability allows for long-term studies of the effects of space radiation and other environmental factors on various materials and technologies.
After completing aerobraking maneuvers, the X-37B will resume its missions and experiments. Once those are completed, the vehicle will deorbit and return to Earth using an autonomous system for a horizontal landing like a conventional airplane.
The space force has not disclosed the estimated duration of the current mission.